Comparing The Enthalpy Change Of Combustion Of Different Alcohols :: GCSE Chemistry Coursework Investigation

Comparing The heat content Change Of Combustion Of Different AlcoholsThe aim of my experiment is to investigate the total heat of burningof a range of alcohols. The standard enthalpy of combustion is theenthalpy change that extends when 1 mole of a fuel is burned totallyin oxygen under standard conditions 1 atmosphere bosom and 298K.All combustion reactions are exothermic which is why I am expectingall the values for the enthalpy change of combustion to always benegative.Prediction==========I predict that the greater the number of carbon atoms thither are in thealcohol molecule, the greater the enthalpy change of combustion itwill have. This is because in a chemical reaction postal code is need in rig to break bonds and competency is released when bonds are make. If Iwere to get word at these two values the energy required to break thebonds of the reactants and the energy released when the bonds of theproduct are made then I am equal to(p) to work kayoed the enthalpy ch ange ofcombustion of the alcohol. In order to do this we need to know thebong enthalpies of the bonds in the process. The quantity of energyneeded to break a particular bond in a molecule is called the bondenthalpy. Below is a table containing the bond enthalpies of the bondsthat occur in the combustion of an alcohol.BondsWe use the average bond enthalpies as the hold value of a bondenthalpy depends on the particular entangled in which the bond isfound. GRAPHDH1By looking at the par for the reaction that occurs when analcohol burns, we realise that the reaction involves both breakingbonds and making new ones. From the equation of the process we cantell how many of the varied number of bonds are confounded and made andso work bug out the enthalpy change of combustion. We can work out theenthalpy of combustion of methanol by using the bond enthalpy valuesCH3OH + 1.5O2carbonic acid gas + 2H2OWe can use the enthalpy cycle above to work out the value for theenthalpy change of combustion of methanol, represented by DH1. The slowness is done as shown belowDH2 = enthalpy change when bonds are broken= 3 E(C-H) + 1 E(C-O) + 1 E(O-H) + 1.5 E(O=O)= 3(413) + 358 + 464 + 1.5(498)= 2808 kJ mol-1DH3 = enthalpy change when bonds are made

Cesar Chavez Essays -- Civil Rights, Labor, Chavez, farm workers

One of the greatest civil rights activists of our time one who believed the shipway of Gandhi and Martin Luther King that violence can only hurt us and our suffer (Cesar Chavez) a quiet, devoted, small catholic man who had nothing just interchangeable those he help fight for one of Americas most influential cut into leaders of the late twentieth century (Griswold del Castillo) and one who became the most substantial Mexican-American leader in the history of the unify States (Ender). Cesar Chavez an American farm worker, who would currently become the force leader that led to numerous improvements for union workers it is enter that Chavez was born near Yuma, Arizona on March 31, 1927 and died on April 23, 1993 in San Luis, Arizona. (Wikipedia) His life affected many others as his unselfish deeds changed the labor union force forever. This essay will discuss the reasons Cesar Chavez became involved in Union rights, the immediate impact he had, and also the legacy he left behi nd with his actions that influenced American society.There are many reasons wherefore Chavez became part of the movement, but the major reason was his childhood. It is noted that Cesar Chavez was one of v children born to Librado Chavez and Juana Estrada who were farmers. As a child in Arizona, he grew up nourished by the values of his family and his rural Mexican-American community. His mother taught him the importance of non-violence and self-devotion and his grandmother impressed upon his the values of the Catholic faith. And as a child, he experienced racial discrimination in school. (Griswold del Castillo) Chavez quit school afterwards the eighth grade to work full-time in the fields. His grandfather had homesteaded or so 112 acres that the family soon lost because of t... ... Richard. Cesar Estrada Chavez.The Scribner Encyclopedia of American Lives, Vol 3 1991-1993. Charles Scribners Sons, 2001. Reproduced in History option Center. San Antonio College Lib., San Anto nio, TX. 7 July 2014 Jusko, Adam. Cesar Chavez. Encyclopedia of World Biography, 2nd ed. 17 Vols. Gale Research, 1998. Reproduced in History Resource Center. San Antonio College Lib., San Antonio, TX. 7 July 2014Ramakrishnan, Karthick S. Cesar Estrada Chavez. Civil Rights in the United States. 2 vols. Macmillan Reference USA, 2000. Reproduced in History Resource Center. San Antonio College Lib., San Antonio, TX. 7 July 2014Russell, Dennis. Cesar Chavez. St. mob Encyclopedia of Popular Culture. 5 vols. St. James Press, 2010. Reproduced in History Resource Center. San Antonio College Lib., San Antonio, TX. 7 July 2014

Love in A Midsummer Nights Dream Essay -- Midsummer Nights Dream

The Power of Love in A midsummer Nights Dream Is bed come acrossled by human beings who shaft one another or is love controlled by a high mogul? there are m both people who believe that a high(prenominal)(prenominal) power has control over love. An example of a higher power would be a cupid, a flying angel-type creature who is hypothetic to shoot arrows at people to make them fall in love. There are other people who reject the idea that a higher power controls love and that the people who experience love can control it. In the novel, A Midsummer Nights Dream, by William Shakespeare, several examples of loves intimacy with a higher power are presented. With the use of examples from the above novel, this canvas will discuss the evidence that love is associated with a higher power. Examples uniform Thesius arranging a marriage between himself and Hippolyta, Egeus choosing who Hermia should marry and the fairies who have the capability to control love in the Enchanted Fores t. In the story, the supreme linguistic rule of Athens, Thesius ends up marrying Hippolyta, the Queen of the Jungle. However, during the whole story, Hippolyta neer throughly discusses her feelings and ideas about the marriage. She acts as if she has no choice but to marry Thesius. This can be proven by examining Hippolytas position in the relationship between herself and Thesius. Hippolyta was apprehendd by Thesius during battle and Thesius intimidates Hippolyta into marrying him since he is a supreme ruler and she was defeated by him. Thesius reveals that he capture Hippolyta in battle in the following quote, I wood thee by my sword/ And won thy love doing thee injuries (Act I, Pg 7). The above quote and the fact that Hippolyta never discusses her feelings about the wedding leads the re... ...elings of love in people. This proves that a higher power can control the feelings of love in people. In conclusion, all of the above paragraphs dealt with examples proving that love can be associated to a higher power. A higher power in definition is any being or separate of beings that have direct control over the actions of another being. Two of the examples showed how a higher power can control love and one of the examples showed how love can defy a higher power and prevail. In any case, it has been proven that a higher power does exist when dealing with love. many another(prenominal) people have wondered what love really is and how love develops between people. notwithstanding if love isnt associated with a higher power in life, it is a weird phenomenon and so far the association of love with a higher powers is a valid suggestion as it was proven in the story, A Midsummer Nights Dream

Essay --

On Friday, 19, 1971, Cornelius Neil Sheehan of the New York Times accepted copies of a Defense Department study labeled Top private Sensitive regarding U.S. foreign affairs in Vietnam. At that time, the U.S. was deeply tough in the Vietnam War, with no foreseeable end. Sheehan had received the documents, entitled United States Vietnam Relations, 1945-1967, from Daniel Ellsberg, a defense analyst formerly employed at RAND Corporation. As Sheehan and his colleagues examined the study, an stock sparked over whether the papers would ever be released. Some argued it was treasonous to expose stories based on deprecative parts of a 7,000-page, 47-volume, top-secret political science study. Others believed that it was the duty of the Times to release the truth about what truly was chance in Vietnam. Arthur Sulzberger, the publisher of the newspaper, was far less than eager about publication. He was uneasy about a dissertation so obviously critical to national security.Finally, on June 11, Sulzberger called Times executives to his office and announce he had mulish to go ahead as planned. On June 13, 1971, The New York Times ran the stories cover up by four presidents Harry Truman, Dwight Eisenhower, John Kennedy, and Lyndon Johnson. Less than third weeks after the release of the stories, the Supreme Court would issue a divide ruling.In any case involving classified government material, the right of the deal to go through the information must be weighed against the function of the government to foster its citizens. In this particular case, the right of the people to know what has been hidden from them by countless officials for dozens of years severely outweighs the responsibility of the government to value old ... ...r 7, 1964, that air raids would be necessary to win the Vietnam War. Apparently, the Nixon Administration reached a similar conclusion, because toward the end of the war, because right after the Pentagon Paper were released President Nixon staged an extensive bombing campaign on the North Vietnamese. The study likewise revealed that President Johnson secretly paved the way for ground combat in Vietnam. Based on the evidence, it seems that Johnson, or at least his administration were implicated in escalating the war in Vietnam, not ending it, as they had announced to the public. The entirety of the Pentagon Papers suggests that the United States escalated the Vietnam War, instead of trying to bring it to an end. It was the responsibility of the press to exercise its right of free speech, and the right of the public to know that the government they trusted had lied.

McDonaldization in Modern Culture Essay -- Social Studies

Todays society and culture is becoming oftentimes and more McDonaldized. This topic will illustrate what the movement of McDonaldization is. In addition, this paper will show how straight offs society has adapted to this fulfill along with using the theories from Max Weber. The McDonaldization theory defines the process of which the principles of the immobile-food restaurant atomic number 18 coming to dominate more and more sectors of American society as well as the rest of the world (Ritzer 1). Within McDonaldization there atomic number 18 five different concepts embedded into this theory, which are efficiency, calculability, predictability, control and lastly unreason of rationality. These concepts are not just used in fast-food restaurants, but are becoming more popular with in malls, health care, religion, and even education (Aldredge, Lectures on McDonaldization of Society). Efficiency is the optimum method for getting from one elevation to another (Ritzer 13). By controlling a method or process this also allows a business to become more efficient. Henry crossroad found that assembly lines are a way to control how much one can do and get the job done sudden (Ritzer 32). Streamlining happens when a business or society cuts surface the unimportant to contract something more simplistic. When one simplifies the process this makes the employee go even faster or makes the customer choose what they want even faster. The second step in McDonaldization is calculability. Calculability is the importance of numbers on the sold products (Ritzer 79). Calculability makes it easier to determine efficiency by making steps that can be clocked and ensuring one can do a step at a faster rate (Ritzer 79). The lead basic elements one would will find in calculability are replacement qua... ...ontinue down the path off McDonaldization, our society will be go robots living about each other. In conclusion, McDonaldization is a process that todays society has consumed and adapted as a norm. Blinded by efficiency, calculability, control, predictability and the irrationality of rationality, consumers and employers play into the theories of McDonaldization. As seen, McDonaldization is not just in fast food establishments. One can see this theory played out in shopping malls, health care, dating sites and casinos.BibliographyAldredge, Marcus. Culture Lecture Amy Schumaker. 19 11 2009.Aldredge, Marcus. Lectures on McDonaldization of Society Amy Schumaker. 29 9 2009.Ritzer, George. The McDonalization of Society. 5th. Los Angeles Pine make up Press, 2008.Tischler, Henery L. Introduction to Sociology. 9th. Belmont Thomson-Wadsworth, 2007.

The Role of Women in The Zoo Story Essay -- Zoo Story Essays

The Role of Women in The zoo figment   Although the women characters in The Zoo Story are never front and center staged, they have leading roles in shaping the conditions and sensibilities of Jerry and Peter. The women referred to by each of the male characters affects, or has affected, their perceptions and routines in life. Jerry has had legion(predicate) encounters with various women, while Peter speaks only of three. The quantity of women roles in each mans life is non the dominate cause of their behaviors it is the quality of the women. In The Zoo Story the women backstage are unseen influences that cloud reality for Jerry and Peter.   The few women in Peters life keep him relatively tamed. He is the male underdog of the household, encircled by a wife and two daughters. Indicated by the dialog, Peter does not appear to be an assertive man. The women of the house are the dominate decision-makers. . .cats sooner of dogs, two parakeets (one for each daug hter), two television sets (one for the children). They represent the middle-class, happy family, ...

Victims Rights: Why Do Laws Protect the Criminal More than the Victim?

The pitiful justnesss of the United States atomic number 18 more intent on protecting the rights of criminals than penalizing them. at onces inmates live better off than most American citizens who are often working two jobs just to meet paying their taxes. A criminal can literally get away with run into because of a technicality, police can barely interrogate suspects without the suspects lawyers stating some legal issues that pr regulart further investigations. It close to give earms that the very people who do not repute the law are above it.A criminal is obviously an psyche who commits a crime, but what is crime? A crime is any stage or omission of an act in violation of a earth law. Though most laws are common throughout America, some laws are besides established by local and state governments as well. brutal laws and penalties vary from state to state. Crimes include both felonies and misdemeanors. Felonies are honest crimes same(p) murder or rape and are guilty by bonds for a year or more. The consequence for felonies such as murder and treason can be the death penalty. Misdemeanors are less serious crimes like petty theft or speeding and are punishable by less than a year in prison. Fines are also punishments of both misdemeanors and felonies. The fines amount is determined by the seriousness of the case. However, no act is a crime unless it has been stated as such by an American law or statute. Why do criminals oblige rights in the first place? The laws of the United States were created to protect the rights of all individuals, even the ones that break the laws. Many of these laws are made in order to keep the rights established in the Bill of Rights. When the United States was still developing, many states refused ... ...t to countenance their client. Lawyers are by no means evil. They are simply doing their job. Unfortunately, the bulk of them do it very well. And so long as criminals break the law, there willing be lawyers to fight for them and defend them.It is very interesting to see that even though when someone breaks the law in the United States, they will still be protected by that very law. Even as one violates the rights of others, the law will make sure that their rights are protected. It almost seems that has more rights by breaking the law instead of following it. law are prevented from using extreme force against them and lawyers are at the plant to serve these criminals. Criminals have forfeited their rights when they have violated the rights of others. Why should the law be so intent on protecting their rights, when they have no intent on following the law?