Flesh Fly (Sarcophagidae) Insect Dissection

Flesh Fly (Sarcophagidae) worm Dissection biting louse PhysiologyLab Report of Insect Dissection (Repro transmission channelive System)Flesh Fly (Sarcophagidae)Abdirizak Nur RobleIntro communication channelionFlesh fly belongs to the family of Sarcophagidae, and the piddle is aGreek word that consist of two word which argonsarco means conformation and phagemeans eating and greennessly cognise as flesh flies. They differ from most(prenominal) flies in that they areovoviviparous (their eggs hatch at the moments that they are expelled), and they opportunistically deposit a maggots oncarrion (meat), dung, decaying material, or open wounds of mammals, hence getting their common call in (Marshall, 2012). Some flesh fly larvae are internalparasitesof other insects much(prenominal) asOrthoptera, and some, in particular the Miltogramminae, arekleptoparasitesof solitaryHymenoptera although most of the more 3000 world species of Sarcophagidae probably develop om invertebrate tissue a s scavengers, predators, parasitoids or kleptoparasites (Marshall, 2012) .The flesh fly, (Sarcophagidae Diptera) is an important ectoparasite as it causes myiasis in sympathetic and other mammals (Dutto and Bertero, 2010). It has become a with child(p) concern in many a(prenominal) parts in the world such as Bangladesh as it is a serious agent affecting human health, livestock, fish and other physical food processing factories. The maggots of this species take their nourishment from unprotected fish and meat, therefore contaminate them and reducing their nutritional value (Majumder at al. 2014). The adults of most genera are easily recognizable by the gray thorax possessing longitudinal dark-skinned stripes (Fig. 1).Some members of this diverse genus are signifi hatfult parasitoids of locusts as healthy as cicadas while other have the ability to locate their hosts by sound. It can be found in e genuinelywhere in the world, tied(p) in city parks and backyards, where some bre ed abundantly in mundane debris (Marshall, 2012).Sarcophagids are a very useful putz for the forensic entomologist, wish many other insects, they can be employ to visualise the time of the death of the person (Nishida 1984, Oliveira-Costa and Mello-Patiu 2004). Weather conditions and geographic posture are key factors to consider when apply insect evidence to estimate the time death time of a corpse as the novelty associated with time of colonization after death is non completely dumb at this time (Catts 1992).The reproductive organs of insects show an incredible categorization of forms, but there is a basic design and function to severally comp one and only(a)nt so that even the most unusual reproductive organization can be understood in terms of a reason out plan. Individual components of the reproductive system can vary in shape, fructify and number for example, the number of ovarian or testicular tubes, or sperm storage organs so on are variant mingled with the i nsect groups, and sometimes even between different species within a genus. Knowledge of the homology of the components assists in interpreting structure and function in different insects (Gullan and Cranston 2014). The General mannish reproductive system is shown in the below read (Fig 2).It is important to note here that variation among insect reproductive systems is great since they are the most diverse organism that live in our world. stock-still closely related species are often isolated from one some other through small variations in the word structure of reproductive organs which prohibits inter unique(predicate) mating and to keep each species his existence. However, a generalized system can be constructed that closely represents all reproductive systems insects. Sometimes its very difficult to see the reproductive systems of the insect we dissected and we do not want to be alarmed if you we are unable to locate the structures on your dissected specimens. We need to be familiar with differences in mannish and female genitalia and be able to identify structures when given a diagram. The best(p) approach to understand the insect reproductive systems and the insect internal sound structure in general is to preform insect dissection in this way one can see clearly if he/she follows the correct procedures to form the dissection.ObjectivesThe primary(prenominal) objective of this lab work was to locate and identify structures associated with the reproductive morphology of the insect as good as to understand and explain the functions of specific structures associated with the insect reproductive systems.Material and MethodsThe male adult fly was captured from Ongku Omra college landing field and the flesh fly was kept alive in the Center of Insect Systematic Center (CIS) in the Faculty of Science and Technology at UKM until the dissection time. The insect were killed with an alcohol which the concentration was 70%.After the insect died the legs an d the go were remove but the rest of the insect were kept in decree to assist the dissection process (the head and the thorax were pinned to give some constancy during the abdomen openings). After the abdomen was opened under stereoscopic microscope, the thorax and the head were removed. The reproductive system was removed out by using very fine forceps and some pining needles. The reproductive organ were cleaned up and was placed in clean petri-dish. The different components of reproductive system were photographed and the rumination of the structure of the reproductive system was started.Result and discussionThe adult male shows a pair of elongated and brown colored testes one on each side of the abdomen laying unless below the nutrient canal (Fig. 3). The vasa deferentia was whitish paired canal which starts from the end of testis and these vasa transportspermfrom the epididymisto theejaculatory ducts. The ejaculatory duct was a long and narrow tube which led to the ejacul atory sac organise by the union of two vasa deferentia. The ejaculatory duct color was light to creamy and it was in spiral shape.The testes were cylindrical in shape and dark brown in color and the vasa deferentia was relatively short and ejaculatory duct was long as Keucheniusv (1913) discriped in mosquitoes (Culex). The vasa deferentia were generally short and became wavy to form a common ejaculatory duct. There was a soft tube-shaped and whitish twisted ally gland which located at the frontal end of the ejaculatory duct just behind the vas deferens.Eshcherich (1894) describe that there was pairs of tubular type ally glands in the male genital system of Musca and Tabanus. Also Keuchenius reported that in Culex. In the current dissection of the flesh fly the accessory glands are almost similar to that in Musca and Tabanus. The base part of the ejaculatory duct showed a muscular saclike structure known as ejaculatory sac, located before the aedeagus. Hewit (1912) reported the e jaculatory sac in Musca and Keuchenius (1913) in like manner confirmed the existence of ejaculatory sac in many Dipteran species. The flesh fly dissection showed the occurrence of a small muscular saclike which located behind the male genitalia. The end part of the ejaculatory duct was wrap and it forms the male aedeagus. After the insect was dissected and the reproductive system was removed from the rest of the body and it has been drawn and the (Fig 4) below indicates the reproductive system that was observed under microscope of the flesh fly.The dissected insect had the same structures and features of Boettcherisca peregrina (Diptera Sarcophagidae) that was dissected by Majumder (2014) and the picture below (Fig 5) shows the similarity of the two reproductive systems.In outcome carrying out an insect dissection experiment leave behind enhance ones knowledge of the insects internal morphology as well as identify and learning about the different parts that associated. It will also give opportunity to understand the functions of specific structures that are associated with the insect reproductive systems.ReferencesCapinera, J. L. 2008. Encyclopedia of Entomology. Springer.Catts, E. 1992. Problems in Estimating the phase modulation separation in expiration Investigations. Journal of Agricultural Entomology 9(4) 245-255.Dutto, M. Bertero, M. 2010. Traumatic Myiasis from Sarcophaga (Bercaea) Cruentata Meigen, 1826 (Diptera, Sarcophagidae) in a Hospital Environment Reporting of a Clinical Case followers Polytrauma. J Prev Med Hyg 51(1) 50-52.Eshcherich, K. 1894. Anatomische Studien uber das mannlche Genital system der Coleopteran.Z.Wiss. Zool. 57 620641.Gullan, P. J. Cranston, P. S. 2014. The Insects An Outline of Entomology. lav Wiley Sons.Hewitt, C. G. 1912. Fannia (Homalomyia) canicularis. Linn. and F scalaris Fab. Paraisitol. 5161174.Keuchenius, P.E. 1913. The structure of the internal genitalia of sonic male Diptera. Z. Wiss.Zool.105 50l536.Majum der, M. Z. R., Dash, M. K., Khan, H. R. Khan, R. A. 2014. The Reproductive Biology of Flesh Fly, Boettcherisca Peregrina (RobineauDesvoidy, 1830)(Diptera Sarcophagidae). Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences 23(1) 61-67.Marshall, S. A. 2012. go The Natural History and Diversity of Diptera. 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